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In phase 1 of CC-92480- MM- 001 (NCT03374085), the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of mezigdomide plus dexamethasone (MEZI-d) was selected at 1 mg once daily for 21/28 days. Here we report preliminary results from the MEZI-d dose-expansion cohort in patients with heavily pretreated RRMM. Key eligibility criteria were: RRMM;>=3 prior lines of therapy;disease progression <=60 days of last myeloma therapy;refractoriness to lenalidomide/pomalidomide, a proteasome inhibitor, a glucocorticoid, and an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody. Oral mezigdomide 1 mg was given on days 1-21 of each 28-day cycle, plus weekly dexamethasone (40 mg;20 mg if >75 years of age). Primary objective was to evaluate efficacy (overall response rate [ORR]);secondary objectives included safety/tolerability and additional efficacy assessments. Pharmacodynamics was an exploratory objective. As of 16/Sep/2022, 101 patients had received MEZI-d at the RP2D. Median age was 67 (range 42-85) years, median time since initial diagnosis was 7.4 (1.1-37.0) years;39.6% of patients had plasmacytomas and 37/101 patients had high-risk cytogenetics (56/101 not evaluable). Median number of prior regimens was 6 (3-15);prior therapies included stem cell transplantation (77.2%) and anti-BCMA therapy (29.7%). All patients were refractory to last myeloma regimen and triple-class refractory. Median follow-up was 7.5 (0.5-21.9) months, with a median of 4 (1-20) cycles;10.0% of patients continued treatment;progressive disease was the main reason for discontinuation (60.4%). ORR was 40.6% for all patients. Whilst data are not mature yet, median PFS was 4.4 (95% CI 3.0-5.5) months and median duration of response was 7.6 (95% CI 5.4-9.5) months. ORR was 30.0% in patients with plasmacytomas (N = 40) and 50.0% in patients with prior anti-BCMA therapy (N = 30). Ninety-one (91.1%) patients experienced a grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE). Most frequent hematologic grade 3/4 TEAEs were neutropenia (75.2%), anaemia (35.6%), and thrombocytopenia (27.7%);34.7% of patients had grade 3/4 infections, including grade 3/4 pneumonia (15.8%) and COVID-19 (7.0%). Occurrence of other grade 3/4 non-hematologic TEAEs was generally low. Due to TEAEs, 76.2% and 29.7% of patients had mezigdomide dose interruptions and reductions, respectively;90.1% of patients discontinued mezigdomide. Mezigdomide induced substrate degradation and increases in activated and proliferating T cells in patients, including those directly refractory to pomalidomide-based therapies. MEZI-d had a manageable safety profile with encouraging efficacy in patients with triple-class refractory RRMM, including patients with prior BCMA-targeted therapies. These results strongly support the continued development of mezigdomide in MM, and especially in combination.
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Many organisations introduced social distancing to curb the COVID-19 pandemic. However, since social distancing is designed to reduce personal interactions, it can impact workplace relationships. This paper explores how and when social distancing influences workplace relationships. Drawing on the affect theory of social exchange and the social cognition literature, we argue that when employees have more negative affective relationships with their co-workers (before COVID-19), social distancing helps improve such negative affective relationships (during COVID-19), especially when the co-worker is warm and competent. We collected data on relationships that individual employees in South Korea have with their co-workers before and during COVID-19. Our hierarchical linear modelling results show that social distancing indeed reduces the negative affective relationships that employees have with their co-workers when those co-workers are viewed as warm and competent. Conversely, social distancing does not hurt employees' positive affective relationships. These findings suggest that contrary to view that social distancing and remote work causes misunderstanding and conflict, social distancing helps to improve employees' workplace relationships. We therefore draw implications for human resource development professionals in facilitating high-quality relationships in remote settings.
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Aims: During the COVID-19 pandemic, care for the elderly in the community was greatly limited. Accordingly, the demand for alternative community care have increased to cope with changing situations. In this study, we tried to find out whether the companion robot improved mood state and related problem in depressive or isolated community dwelling elderly. Method(s): For 186 community dwelling elderly who have received social welfare service due to depression or social isolation, we provided companion robot that could support their daily living. The robot was equipped with special program that could recognize and respond to the participant's own emotion. It was part of behavioural activation techniques which is one of powerful treatment for depression. The self-report questionnaires were used to measure changes in cognitive function, depression, suicidality, loneliness, resilience and satisfaction of life. Outcomes were measured before using companion robot and after 3 months, and we compared them. Result(s): The elderly using companion robot for 3 months showed improved cognitive function, depression (p < .001), suicidality (p < .001), and loneliness (p = .033) in the self-report questionnaire. Resilience (p = .749) and satisfaction of life (p = .246) were also improved but not reached significance. Conclusion(s): These findings showed that the use of companion robot with emotional recognition coaching program could help improve depression, cognitive function, loneliness and suicidal ideation. In particular, this effect was also useful for those who were diagnosed with depression. Also if we can put more techniques of behavioural activation programs into robot, it could be useful in community care for depressive and isolated elderly.
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Aims: The impacts of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on mental health have been relatively severe. This study examined the influence of the COVID-19 especially on depression and suicidal ideation in community-dwelling elderly in Korea. Method(s): Data were employed from a survey on elderly mental health in Jeollanam-do (southwest province in Korea). A total of 2423 elderlies were recruited from 22 counties in Jeollanam-do between April and October 2021. We used self-reported questionnaires, including sociodemographic factors, COVID-19 related stress, suicidal ideation, Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form Korean Version (GDS-SF). Logistic regression was performed to examine the factors on depression and suicidal ideation. Result(s): Of the 2423 subjects, 622 (25.7%) reported depressive symptoms and 518 (21.4%) reported suicidal ideation. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that living alone, poor perceived health status, the worry of COVID-19 infection and restriction of daily activity due to COVID-19 pandemic were significantly associated with depression. Male sex, poor perceived health status, disability in house chores and depressive symptom are risk factors for suicidal ideation. Conclusion(s): These findings showed that increased risk factor for depression and suicidal ideation in community dwelling elderly during COVID-19 pandemic. We confirmed that feelings of isolation and negative perception of health were risk factors on depression in community dwelling elderly in the context of the COVID -19 pandemic. Also male, poor self-perceived health status, difficulty of independent living and worry and depression are increased the risk of suicidal ideation among the elderly.
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Background: COVID-19 causes significant morbidity and mortality, albeit with considerable heterogeneity among affected individuals. It remains unclear which host factors determine disease severity and survival. Given the propensity of clonal hematopoiesis (CH) to promote inflammation in healthy individuals, we investigated its effect on COVID-19 outcomes. Method(s): We performed a multi-omics interrogation of the genome, epigenome, transcriptome, and proteome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from COVID-19 patients (n=227). We obtained clinical data, laboratory studies, and survival outcomes. We determined CH status and TET2-related DNA methylation. We performed single-cell proteogenomics to understand clonal composition in relation to cell phenotype. We interrogated single-cell gene expression in isolation and in conjunction with DNA accessibility. We integrated these multi-omics data to understand the effect of CH on clonal composition, gene expression, methylation of cis-regulatory elements, and lineage commitment in COVID-19 patients. We performed shRNA knockdowns to validate the effect of one candidate transcription factor in myeloid cell lines. Result(s): The presence of CH was strongly associated with COVID-19 severity and all-cause mortality, independent of age (HR 3.48, 95% CI 1.45-8.36, p=0.005). Differential methylation of promoters and enhancers was prevalent in TET2-mutant, but not DNMT3A-mutant CH. TET2- mutant CH was associated with enhanced classical/intermediate monocytosis and single-cell proteogenomics confirmed an enrichment of TET2 mutations in these cell types. We identified celltype specific gene expression changes associated with TET2 mutations in 102,072 single cells (n=34). Single-cell RNA-seq confirmed the skewing of hematopoiesis towards classical and intermediate monocytes and demonstrated the downregulation of EGR1 (a transcription factor important for monocyte differentiation) along with up-regulation of the lncRNA MALAT1 in monocytes. Combined scRNA-/scATAC-seq in 43,160 single cells (n=18) confirmed the skewing of hematopoiesis and up-regulation of MALAT1 in monocytes along with decreased accessibility of EGR1 motifs in known cis-regulatory elements. Using myeloid cell lines for functional validation, shRNA knockdowns of EGR1 confirmed the up-regulation of MALAT1 (in comparison to wildtype controls). Conclusion(s): CH is an independent prognostic factor in COVID-19 and skews hematopoiesis towards monocytosis. TET2-mutant CH is characterized by differential methylation and accessibility of enhancers binding myeloid transcriptions factors including EGR1. The ensuing loss of EGR1 expression in monocytes causes MALAT1 overexpression, a factor known to promote monocyte differentiation and inflammation. These data provide a mechanistic insight to the adverse prognostic impact of CH in COVID-19.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze Korean sports consumers' intention to stay using online sports products and services through online sports distribution platforms or return to using sports facilities and services in person. Research design, data and methodology: This study set up two models measuring consumers' recognition, attitude, and purchase intention toward online sports products and services based on involvement theory. An online survey was conducted and a total of 2,263 consumers participated in this study. Male participants were 1,256(55.5%) and female participants were 1,007(44.5%). Descriptive statistics were performed, and a path analysis was utilized to analyze the proposed model using SPSS 26 and SAS. Results: The results revealed two proposed models used in this study supported that consumers' online sports product and service recognition leads to a positive attitude toward online sports products and services. Moreover, consumers' positive online sports product and service attitudes were shown to lead to positive intentions to purchase online sports products and services. Conclusions: The findings revealed the recognition of consumers' online sports products and services led to positive attitudes and behavioral intentions. Implications were provided by suggesting the sports industry stick to developing online sports products and services until the endemic of COVID-19 is declared © Copyright: The Author(s)
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Background: Immunocompromised patients with COVID-19 tend to shed viable virus for a prolonged period. Therefore, for moderately or severely immunocompromised patients with COVID-19, CDC recommends an isolation period of at least 20 days and ending isolation in conjunction with serial testing and consultation with an infectious disease specialist. However, data on viral kinetics and risk factors for prolonged viral shedding in these patients are limited. Method(s): From February 1, 2022 to April 1, 2022, we collected weekly saliva samples from immunocompromised patients with COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary hospital in Seoul, South Korea. Genomic and subgenomic RNAs were measured, and virus culture was performed. Result(s): A total of 41 patients were enrolled;29 (70%) were receiving chemotherapy against hematologic malignancies and the remaining 12 (30%) had undergone solid organ transplantation. Of the 41 patients, 14 (34%) had received 3 doses or more of COVID-19 vaccines. Real-time RT-PCR revealed that 7 (17%) were infected with Omicron BA.1, and 33 (80%) with Omicron BA.2. The median duration of viable virus shedding was 4 weeks (IQR 3-6). Patients undergoing B-cell depleting therapy shed viable virus for longer than the comparator (p=0.01). Multivariable analysis showed that 3-dose or more vaccination (HR 0.33, 95% CI 0.12 - 0.93, p = 0.04) and B-cell depleting therapy (HR 12.50, 95% CI 2.44 - 100.00, p = 0.003) independently affected viable virus shedding of SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion(s): Immunocompromised patients with COVID-19 shed viable virus for median 4 weeks. B-cell depleting therapy increases the risk of prolonged viable viral shedding, while completion of a primary vaccine series reduces this risk. Overall distribution of samples according to genomic viral copy number and culture positivity. Red dot indicates positive culture results, whereas blue dot indicated negative culture results. (Figure Presented).
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Purpose - As a leading source of foreign exchange and investment, tourism has grown in importance as a component of international trade. Accordingly, in recent decades much attention has been directed toward attracting foreign tourists and, in turn, positively affecting the recommendation intentions of foreign tourists. Despite such interests, there remains a dearth of empirical research on this issue. Moreover, prior research has focused primarily on the simple main effect of a certain factor on recommendation intentions. Therefore, the present study aims to (1) investigate the effect of overall satisfaction on the recommendation intentions of foreign tourists, and (2) examine the potential moderating effects of personal factors (i.e., age and destination image) on the association between overall satisfaction and recommendation intention. Design/methodology - Using a moderated moderation analysis of the data drawn from the 2018 International Visitor Survey conducted by the Korea Tourism Organization, this study proposes the three-way interaction effects of overall satisfaction, age, and destination image on recommendation intention. Findings - The findings of the study indicate that overall satisfaction is positively associated with recommendation intention and this relationship becomes stronger among younger tourists. The findings further indicate that the moderating effect of age on the relationship between overall satisfaction and recommendation intention depends on changes in the image of the destination. Specifically, the destination image exerts a positive moderating impact on the influence of age that moderates the overall satisfaction and recommendation intention relationship. Originality/value - Considering that the tourism economy has been severely affected by the current COVID-19 pandemic, this study contributes to a more accurate understanding of the factors affecting the recommendation intention, especially in times of crisis.
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Background: Several comorbidities, including cardiovascular diseases or myocardial injury, are reported to be associated with poor prognosis in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, detailed prognostic analysis of myocardial injury by various biomarkers in COVID-19 patients is limited. Purpose(s): This study aims to explore the prognostic values of highsensitive Troponin I (hsTnI) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) for COVID-19 patients using Japanese real-world data. Method(s): The COVID-MI study is a retrospective cohort study that enrolls consecutive laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospital from July 2020 to September 2021. We collected clinical data, including cardiac biomarker values, by chart review. If the prespecified biomarkers in concern were not available, we measured them using the institutional serum blood bank, which enrolled patients prospectively from July 2020. Patients with available biomarkers were analyzed according to the values of hsTnI or NT-proBNP, using the clinically relevant thresholds (hsTnI: 5 ng/L and 99th percentile of the upper reference limit [99%ile URL], and NTproBNP: 125 pg/mL and 900 pg/mL). The primary outcome measure was all-cause death. Secondary outcome measures included acute respiratory distress syndrome, myocardial infarction, myocarditis/pericarditis, venous thromboembolism, cerebral infarction, and bleeding events. Result(s): We enrolled 917 patients with COVID-19 confirmed by viral nucleic acid amplification test. The mean age was 61 years, and 591 patients (64%) were men. On admission, the number of patients classified as severe or critical COVID-19 was 515 (56%) and 85 (8.7%), respectively. Among the 544 patients with hsTnI values, 365 (67%) patients had elevated hsTnI of >=5 ng/L, and 134 patients (25%) had TnI of >=99%ile URL. Besides, among 546 patients with NT-proBNP values, 295 patients (54%) had elevated NT-pro-BNP of >=125 pg/mL, and 93 patients (17%) had NT-proBNP of >=900 pg/mL. The median follow-up period was 31 days (interquartile range: 11-90 days). In cumulative incidence analysis, higher levels of hsTnI and NT-proBNP were associated with significantly higher mortality (hsTnI: <5 ng/L group;8.8%, 5 ng/L to 99%ile URL group;19%, and >=99%ile URL group;37%, P<0.001, and NT-proBNP: <125 pg/mL group;7.8%, 125 to 900 pg/mL group;21%, and >=900 pg/mL group;45%, P<0.001). The adjusted risk for all-cause death remained significant for each threshold of cardiac biomarkers (hsTnI >=99%ile URL: Hazard ratio [HR] 1.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-3.54, P=0.02, and NT-proBNP >=900 pg/mL: HR 3.60, 95% CI 1.86-6.98, P<0.001). Conclusion(s): Elevation of hsTnI or NT-proBNP was associated with poor prognosis in the current relatively severely ill COVID-19 patients. Measuring hsTnI or NT-proBNP can be an attractive option for risk stratification and deciding appropriate management in patients with COVID-19.
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Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused hundreds of thousands of people to suffer severe illness or die and has had severe effects on individuals' financial well-being as well. Unfortunately, it is very likely that the pandemic has had a disproportionate effect, particularly on vulnerable and underserved groups, including immigrants in the USA. This study aims to examine the association between perceived health risk and perceived financial risk attributable to COVID-19, and focuses on their heterogeneous effects depending upon immigrant status. Design/methodology/approach: The study used the Understanding America Study (UAS) COVID-19 National Survey data collected from April 2020 to July 2021. Sets of ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and fixed effects regression analyses were conducted on the perceived risk COVID-19 poses on households' finances. The main focal variables of interest were immigrant status and perceived risk of COVID-19 infection and death. Findings: The results showed that the correlation between health risk and perceived financial risk was much higher among first- and second-generation immigrants. Surprisingly, various types of government aid did not have a consistent and significant effect on the recipients' perception of the risk that COVID-19 poses to their household finances. Originality/value: This study is one of the few attempts to empirically examine the association between perceived health risk and financial risk during the COVID-19 pandemic by focusing on the heterogeneity by immigrant status. The authors used an appropriate methodology that considered the panel structure of the UAS COVID-19 National Survey's data. The study provides important implications for researchers and policymakers related to immigrants' financial well-being. © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited.
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The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic had a profound impact on blood services operations in Korea. Blood collection was affected due to decrease in donor availability caused by avoidance of public places, social distancing policies, and cancellation of blood drives. The negative impact on blood collection was more pronounced with the COVID-19 pandemic than with other outbreaks experienced previously such as the influenza (H1N1) outbreak or the Middle East respiratory virus (MERS) pandemic. To cope with the blood shortage, campaigns to appeal for blood donation, raise public awareness on the importance of blood donation and gain donor's confidence in safe blood donation were implemented using mass communication media such as TV and radio broadcasting as well as postings on various social media platforms. Upon Korean Red Cross Blood Services's (KRCBS) request, the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MoHW) approved the relaxation of the geographical restrictions regarding indigenous malaria thus enabling collection of more than 23,000 units of whole blood. To mitigate even a theoretical risk of transfusion-transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via blood donation from pre-symptomatic COVID-19 donors, the KRCBS received the data on COVID-19 identified cases from the Korean Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA) from the early get-go of the pandemic for cross referencing to donors for further recipient investigation and recall of blood products not transfused. Communication with donors, staff members, national health authorities, hospital customers and other stakeholders was and remains of utmost importance to respond to this unprecedented situation which is still ongoing.Copyright © Annals of Blood. All rights reserved.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has caused considerable changes in our lives. It has influenced our society, education, economy, and environment as well as our lifestyle. We have got used to wearing face masks daily. Working or studying from home is not an unusual thing anymore. On the other hand, some that we used to regard as normal, such as travelling abroad, have become less normal in this era. These changes subsequently influenced the acoustic environment in our community. Countries have closed their borders, set travel restrictions, and ordered their residents to stay home. Due to the reduced number of travelling, recent studies have noticed changes in traffic noise exposure. In addition, people gather less (e.g. at pubs or social events) during the pandemic, which also has an impact on the acoustic environment in our community. This paper provides a review of the literature on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on community noise. Based on the review, this paper concludes with suggestions for future research directions to create a better acoustic environment in the post-COVID era. © 2022 Internoise 2022 - 51st International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering. All rights reserved.
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Since COVID-19, social distancing has become common, and the demand for untact services has increased rapidly, resulting in an economic phenomenon centered on untact worldwide. Due to social distancing, the untact service area is expanding not only to shopping but also to online learning, home training, and telemedicine, and untact services are expected to expand to more diverse areas in the future. This study investigates four types of untact services: online lectures, online meetings related to work and study, online seminars, and online performances, and the effects of concerns about untact services on the intention of use have been examined using a path analysis model. As a result of the analysis, the perceived usefulness had a positive effect on the user's continuous intention to use untact services. However, depending on the type of untact service, it can be confirmed that the factors that affect the intention to continue using the service differ from each other. Practitioners can use the results of this study when designing untact services in the future. © 2023 by the authors.
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South Korea was one of the few countries in the world to face a major outbreak in the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study portrays the lived experiences of Korean early childhood practitioners striving to thrive between 2020 and 2021. Their stories offer their reflections on their challenges, struggles, and lessons learned throughout the pandemic. Findings reveal that, as time passed, there were longstanding struggles and newly emerging challenges. This study sheds light on early childhood practitioners' experiences of teaching during the unique and uncertain time of the pandemic, which can offer in-depth understanding for the betterment of future teaching © Copyright 2023 by THE PACIFIC
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I am honored to be taking on the role of the fifth President of the Korean Council of Science Editors (KCSE) for the next 3 years. The COVID-19 pandemic, which has plagued the world for the past 3 years, appears to be coming to an end. Even during the pandemic, the KCSE has persistently worked toward achieving its goal of elevating Korean science, technology, and medical journals to meet global standards by improving their editing and publishing abilities. © 2023 Korean Council of Science Editors
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Background: This study aimed to investigate the adverse events (AEs) after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and to compare them with healthcare workers (HCWs). Method(s): We conducted a web-based survey on the local and systemic AEs experienced within 7 days of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) in IBD patients and HCWs between October 2021 and February 2022. The frequency of all AEs was compared between IBD patients and HCWs, and propensity score matching method was used to control confounding factors. Result(s): A total of 336 IBD patients (139 Crohn's disease [CD] and 197 ulcerative colitis [UC]) and 288 HCWs who completed the questionnaire had received the same type of vaccine for their first and second doses. Common local AEs in patients with IBD were injection site pain (78.9% and 70.8% after receiving first and second vaccine doses, respectively), swelling (35.4% and 31.5%), and induration (35.1% and 26.5%), and systemic AEs were fatigue (44.6% and 42.0%), myalgia (42.6% and 37.2%), and fever or febrile sense (29.5% and 32.1%). All severe AEs were rarely observed (0-3.9%). Hospital visits or hospitalizations associated with AEs were observed in 16 (4.8%) and 18 (5.4%) patients, respectively. A small number of patients reported deterioration of bowel frequency (CD: 10.1% and 12.2%, UC: 8.1% and 11.7%), abdominal pain (CD: 5.0% and 7.9%), and rectal bleeding (UC: 5.1% and 7.6%). About 30% of IBD patients reported a worsening of their sense of well-being. After propensity score matching, there was no significant increase in the frequency of AEs in IBD patients except for diarrhea (14.5% vs 4.8%, P = 0.005) and dyspepsia (15.2% vs 5.5%, P= 0.007) after first vaccination. Conclusion(s): SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with IBD was generally well-tolerated and severe AEs occurred rarely. Compared with HCWs, the frequency of AEs does not seem to increase except for diarrhea and dyspepsia.
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Purpose: To explore the evaluation between tourists' and residents' satisfaction with the tool of Importance-Satisfaction Analysis originally introduced by Importance-Performance Analysis. Design/methodology/approach: A survey was conducted at Anseong Matchum Land, the venue of the festival, and respondents were selected by the convenience sampling method. Also, rest areas at the festival site were used for data collection and 309 out of 400 were judged to be valid. Included in the questionnaires was a series of Likert-type questions about the respondent's satisfaction with 18 attributes of the festival and the importance of these attributes to overall satisfaction with the festival. Findings: The results of this research show that the average degree of importance for the 18 attributes is 3.89, and the degree of satisfaction is 3.02. The result identified that parking lot, rest area, and washroom were found included in "Concentrate Here" quadrant of the ISA matrix as needed to prior management in this festival. Research limitations/implications: This study tried to look into local heritage festival regarding comparative per-ception between festival goers and local residents with ISA to provide that actual problems and potential solutions to the decision-makers of the city to make a sustainable festival. However, it is difficult to extend the results of this festival to other festivals and further research is needed in the future. Originality/value: This research tried to find out the gap between perceived Importance and Satisfaction and to identify actual management problems regarding facilities and services of the festival by ISA analysis originally introduced by Importance-Performance Analysis. This study suggested what festival organizers should prepare for the festival that will be activated after the Covid 19 pandemic. © 2023 People and Global Business Association.